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What is Staking?

Users can stake (delegate) MITO or gMITO tokens to validators to support network security and earn rewards. Both tokens provide equal consensus voting power and staking rewards.

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Supported Tokens

MITO Staking

  • Voting Power: 1 MITO = 1 consensus voting power for the validator
  • Rewards: Standard staking rewards based on validator performance
  • Contract: ValidatorStaking

gMITO Staking

  • Voting Power: 1 gMITO = 1 consensus voting power for the validator
  • Rewards: Same staking rewards as MITO
  • Contract: ValidatorStakingGovMITO

Both tokens contribute equally to validator voting power and receive identical staking rewards, providing users flexibility in their participation method.

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Staking Operations

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Staking Process

When users stake tokens to a validator:

  • Tokens are locked in the respective staking contract
  • Validator’s consensus voting power increases by the staked amount
  • Users become eligible for staking rewards
  • Minimum staking amounts apply

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Unstaking Process

Users can unstake their tokens at any time:

  • Unstaked amount reduces the validator’s consensus voting power immediately
  • Tokens enter an unbonding period before they can be claimed
  • Unbonding Period: 21 days (mainnet)
  • Minimum unstaking amounts apply

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Redelegation

Users can move their staked tokens from one validator to another:

  • Process: Directly transfer stakes from validator A to validator B
  • Cooldown Period: After redelegation, users cannot perform another redelegation involving either validator A or B for a specified time
  • Voting Power: Immediately moves from source to destination validator
  • Minimum redelegation amounts apply

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Contract Structure

The staking system uses separate contracts for each token type:

Token-Specific Contracts

Central Hub

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Staking Rewards

Staking rewards are distributed through the ValidatorRewardDistributor contract:

  • Reward Token: All staking rewards are paid in gMITO tokens
  • Frequency: Rewards distributed per epoch (1 week on mainnet)
  • Calculation: Based on individual TWAB (Time-Weighted Average Balance) and validator performance
  • Collection: Users can claim rewards each epoch based on their contribution

For detailed information about reward calculation, distribution mechanisms, and TWAB methodology, see the Rewards section.