Staking System Architecture

​
What is Staking?

Users can stake (delegate) MITO or gMITO tokens to validators to support network security and earn rewards. Both tokens provide equal consensus voting power and staking rewards.

​
Supported Tokens

MITO Staking
  • Voting Power: 1 MITO = 1 consensus voting power for the validator
  • Rewards: Standard staking rewards based on validator performance
  • Contract: ValidatorStaking
gMITO Staking
  • Voting Power: 1 gMITO = 1 consensus voting power for the validator
  • Rewards: Same staking rewards as MITO
  • Contract: ValidatorStakingGovMITO
Both tokens contribute equally to validator voting power and receive identical staking rewards, providing users flexibility in their participation method.

​
Staking Operations

​
Staking Process

When users stake tokens to a validator:
  • Tokens are locked in the respective staking contract
  • Validator’s consensus voting power increases by the staked amount
  • Users become eligible for staking rewards
  • Minimum staking amounts apply

​
Unstaking Process

Users can unstake their tokens at any time:
  • Unstaked amount reduces the validator’s consensus voting power immediately
  • Tokens enter an unbonding period before they can be claimed
  • Unbonding Period: 21 days (mainnet)
  • Minimum unstaking amounts apply

​
Redelegation

Users can move their staked tokens from one validator to another:
  • Process: Directly transfer stakes from validator A to validator B
  • Cooldown Period: After redelegation, users cannot perform another redelegation involving either validator A or B for a specified time
  • Voting Power: Immediately moves from source to destination validator
  • Minimum redelegation amounts apply

​
Contract Structure

The staking system uses separate contracts for each token type: Token-Specific Contracts Central Hub

​
Staking Rewards

Staking rewards are distributed through the ValidatorRewardDistributor contract:
  • Reward Token: All staking rewards are paid in gMITO tokens
  • Frequency: Rewards distributed per epoch (1 week on mainnet)
  • Calculation: Based on individual TWAB (Time-Weighted Average Balance) and validator performance
  • Collection: Users can claim rewards each epoch based on their contribution
For detailed information about reward calculation, distribution mechanisms, and TWAB methodology, see the Rewards section.